MySQL Study之
| MySQL Study之--MySQL innodb引擎备份工具XtraBackup之一（Install） Xtrabackup是一个对InnoDB做数据备份的工具，支持在线热备份（备份时不影响数据读写），是商业备份工具InnoDB Hotbackup的一个很好的替代品。
Xtrabackup有两个主要的工具：xtrabackup、innobackupex
（1）xtrabackup只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表，而不能备份MyISAM数据表
（2）innobackupex-1.5.1则封装了xtrabackup，是一个脚本封装，所以能同时备份处理innodb和myisam，但在处理myisam时需要加一个读锁
安装XtraBackup，首先要安装MySQL
1、查看MySQL版本 [root@rh64 ~]# service mysql start Starting MySQL (Percona Server)...[ OK ] [root@rh64 ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.25-73.1 Percona Server (GPL), Release 73.1, Revision 07b797f Copyright (c) 2009-2015 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
2、安装配置
在/etc/my.cnf文件要配置数据所存储的目录 [root@rh64 XtraBackup]# cat /etc/my.cnf |grep datadir datadir=/var/lib/mysql
3、下载安装
安装： [root@rh64 XtraBackup]# ls -l total 26808 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 5664452 Oct 27 10:27 percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 20807976 Oct 27 10:27 percona-xtrabackup-debuginfo-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 971264 Oct 27 10:27 percona-xtrabackup-test-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@rh64 XtraBackup]# rpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID cd2efd2a: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: libev.so.4()(64bit) is needed by percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64
----安装出错，要求需有libev.so库支持
下载libev安装包： [root@rh64 libev-4.15]# tar zxvf libev-4.15.tar.gz
安装libev： [root@rh64 libev-4.15]# ./configure checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p checking for gawk... gawk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for style of include used by make... GNU checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3 checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking how to print strings... printf checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E checking for fgrep... /bin/grep -F checking for ld used by gcc... /usr/bin/ld checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes checking for BSD- or MS-compatible name lister (nm)... /usr/bin/nm -B checking the name lister (/usr/bin/nm -B) interface... BSD nm checking whether ln -s works... yes checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1966080 checking whether the shell understands some XSI constructs... yes checking whether the shell understands "+="... yes checking how to convert x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu file names to x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu format... func_convert_file_noop checking how to convert x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu file names to toolchain format... func_convert_file_noop checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r checking for objdump... objdump checking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_all checking for dlltool... no checking how to associate runtime and link libraries... printf %s/n checking for ar... ar checking for archiver @FILE support... @ ......
[root@rh64 libev-4.15]# make make all-am make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mysql/libev-4.15' /bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -g -O3 -MT ev.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/ev.Tpo -c -o ev.lo ev.c libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -g -O3 -MT ev.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/ev.Tpo -c ev.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/ev.o ev.c:1531: warning: 'ev_default_loop_ptr' initialized and declared 'extern' libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -g -O3 -MT ev.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/ev.Tpo -c ev.c -o ev.o >/dev/null 2>&1 mv -f .deps/ev.Tpo .deps/ev.Plo /bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -g -O3 -MT event.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/event.Tpo -c -o event.lo event.c libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -g -O3 -MT event.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/event.Tpo -c event.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/event.o libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -g -O3 -MT event.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/event.Tpo -c event.c -o event.o >/dev/null 2>&1 mv -f .deps/event.Tpo .deps/event.Plo /bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=link gcc -g -O3 -version-info 4:0:0 -o libev.la -rpath /usr/local/lib ev.lo event.lo -lm libtool: link: gcc -shared -fPIC -DPIC .libs/ev.o .libs/event.o -lm -O3 -Wl,-soname -Wl,libev.so.4 -o .libs/libev.so.4.0.0 libtool: link: (cd ".libs" && rm -f "libev.so.4" && ln -s "libev.so.4.0.0" "libev.so.4") libtool: link: (cd ".libs" && rm -f "libev.so" && ln -s "libev.so.4.0.0" "libev.so") libtool: link: ar cru .libs/libev.a ev.o event.o libtool: link: ranlib .libs/libev.a libtool: link: ( cd ".libs" && rm -f "libev.la" && ln -s "../libev.la" "libev.la" ) make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mysql/libev-4.15'
[root@rh64 libev-4.15]# make install make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mysql/libev-4.15' /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/lib' /bin/sh ./libtool --mode=install /usr/bin/install -c libev.la '/usr/local/lib' libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/libev.so.4.0.0 /usr/local/lib/libev.so.4.0.0 libtool: install: (cd /usr/local/lib && { ln -s -f libev.so.4.0.0 libev.so.4 || { rm -f libev.so.4 && ln -s libev.so.4.0.0 libev.so.4; }; }) libtool: install: (cd /usr/local/lib && { ln -s -f libev.so.4.0.0 libev.so || { rm -f libev.so && ln -s libev.so.4.0.0 libev.so; }; }) libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/libev.lai /usr/local/lib/libev.la libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/libev.a /usr/local/lib/libev.a libtool: install: chmod 644 /usr/local/lib/libev.a libtool: install: ranlib /usr/local/lib/libev.a libtool: finish: PATH="/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/lib ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Libraries have been installed in: /usr/local/lib If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR' flag during linking and do at least one of the following: - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable during execution - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable during linking - use the `-Wl,-rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf' See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/include' /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ev.h ev++.h event.h '/usr/local/include' /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/share/man/man3' /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ev.3 '/usr/local/share/man/man3' make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mysql/libev-4.15'
查看libev安装信息： [root@rh64 libev-4.15]# find / -name 'libev.so*' /home/mysql/libev-4.15/.libs/libev.so.4.0.0 /home/mysql/libev-4.15/.libs/libev.so /home/mysql/libev-4.15/.libs/libev.so.4 /usr/local/lib/libev.so.4.0.0 /usr/local/lib/libev.so.4 /usr/local/lib/libev.so
配置lib访问环境： [root@rh64 XtraBackup]# cat /etc/profile export LIBDIR=/usr/local/lib export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib export LD_RUN_PATH=/usr/local/lib "/etc/profile" 82L, 1898C written
再次安装： [root@rh64 XtraBackup]# rpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID cd2efd2a: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: libev.so.4()(64bit) is needed by percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64
---仍然失败！！！可能是libev的版本不对，应该下载libev（64）
下载libev（64）并安装： http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=libev.so.4()(64bit)
[root@rh64 mysql]# rpm -ivh libev-4.04-2.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: libev-4.04-2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 66534c2b: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:libev ########################################### [100%]
[root@rh64 mysql]# rpm -qa |grep libev libevent-1.4.13-4.el6.x86_64 libevent-1.4.13-4.el6.i686 libev-4.04-2.el6.x86_64 [root@rh64 mysql]# rpm -ql libev /usr/lib64/libev.so.4 /usr/lib64/libev.so.4.0.0 /usr/share/doc/libev-4.04 /usr/share/doc/libev-4.04/Changes /usr/share/doc/libev-4.04/LICENSE /usr/share/doc/libev-4.04/README
安装xtrabackup：
[root@rh64 XtraBackup]# ls percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm percona-xtrabackup-test-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm percona-xtrabackup-debuginfo-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@rh64 XtraBackup]# rpm -ivh * warning: percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID cd2efd2a: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:percona-xtrabackup ########################################### [ 33%] 2:percona-xtrabackup-test########################################### [ 67%] 3:percona-xtrabackup-debu########################################### [100%]
----安装成功！！！
[root@rh64 XtraBackup]# man innobackupex INNOBACKUPEX(1) Percona XtraBackup INNOBACKUPEX(1) NAME innobackupex - innobackupex Documentation
The innobackupex tool is a Perl script that acts as a wrapper for the xtrabackup C program. It is a patched version of the innobackup Perl script that Oracle distributes with the InnoDB Hot Backup tool. It enables more functionality by integrating xtrabackup and other functions such as file copying and streaming, and adds some convenience. It lets you perform point-in-time backups of InnoDB / XtraDB tables together with the schema definitions, MyISAM tables, and other por- tions of the server. This manual section explains how to use innobackupex in detail. PREREQUISITES Connection and Privileges Needed Percona XtraBackup needs to be able to connect to the database server and perform operations on the server and the datadir when creating a backup, when preparing in some scenarios and when restoring it. In order to do so, there are privileges and permission requirements on its execu- tion that must be fulfilled. Privileges refers to the operations that a system user is permitted to do in the database server. They are set at the database server and only apply to users in the database server. Permissions are those which permits a user to perform operations on the system, like reading, writing or executing on a certain directory or start/stop a system service. They are set at a system level and only apply to system users. Whether xtrabackup or innobackupex is used, there are two actors involved: the user invoking the program - a system user - and the user performing action in the database server - a database user. Note that these are different users in different places, even tough they may have the same username. All the invocations of innobackupex and xtrabackup in this documentation assumes that the system user has the appropriate permissions and you are providing the relevant options for connecting the database server - besides the options for the action to be performed - and the database user has adequate privileges. Connecting to the server The database user used to connect to the server and its password are specified by the --user and --password option, $ innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=SECRET /path/to/backup/dir/ $ innobackupex --user=LUKE --password=US3TH3F0RC3 --stream=tar ./ | bzip2 - $ xtrabackup --user=DVADER --password=14MY0URF4TH3R --backup --target-dir=/data/bkps/ |
